fashion&cosmetics: 十月 2008

2008年10月29日星期三

Little black dress

A little black dress is an evening or cocktail dress, cut simply and often with a short skirt, originally made popular in the 1920s by the fashion designer Coco Chanel. Intended by Chanel to be long-lasting, versatile, affordable, accessible to the widest market possible and in a neutral color. Its continued ubiquity is such that many refer to it by its abbreviation, LBD.

The "little black dress" is considered essential to a complete wardrobe by many women and fashion observers, who believe it a "rule of fashion" that every woman should own a simple, elegant black dress that can be dressed up or down depending on the occasion: for example, worn with a jacket and pumps for daytime business wear or with more ornate jewelry and accessories for evening. Because it is meant to be a staple of the wardrobe for a number of years, the style of the little black dress ideally should be as simple as possible: a short black dress that is too clearly part of a trend would not qualify because it would soon appear dated.

History
Prior to the 1920s, black was reserved for periods of mourning and considered indecent when worn outside such circumstances, such as depicted in John Singer Sargent's painting, Portrait of Madame X. A widow's mourning dress was closely observed at a time when details in fashion conveyed a sophisticated symbolic language. During the Victorian and Edwardian ages, a widow was expected to wear several stages of mourning dress for at least two years. “Deep” or “full” mourning required the woman to wear plain black clothing with absolutely no decoration for the first year and a day of mourning. The second stage lasted nine months and permitted the wearing of black silk. In “ordinary mourning” for three months, the widow could accessorize only with black ribbon, lace, embroidery, or jet jewelry. The final six months of “half-mourning” allowed the bereaved to wear muted or neutral colors: shades and tints of purple were most common. Because of the number of deaths in World War I, plus the many fatalities during the Spanish flu epidemic, it became more common for women to appear in public wearing black.

In 1926 Gabrielle “Coco” Chanel published a picture of a short, simple black dress in Vogue. It was calf-length, straight, and decorated only by a few diagonal lines. Vogue called it “Chanel’s Ford.” Like the Model T, the little black dress was simple and accessible for women of all social classes. Vogue also said that the LBD would become “a sort of uniform for all women of taste.”

The little black dress continued to be popular through the Great Depression, predominantly through its economy and elegance, albeit with the line lengthened somewhat. Hollywood's influence on fashion in North America helped the little black dress's popularity, but for more practical reasons: as Technicolor movies became more common, filmmakers relied on little black dresses because other colors looked distorted on screen and botched the coloring process. During World War II, the style continued in part due to widespread rationing of textiles and in part as a common uniform (accessorized for businesswear) for civilian women entering the workforce.

The rise of Dior's "New Look" in the post-war era and the sexual conservatism of the 1950s returned the little black dress to its roots as a uniform and a symbol of the dangerous woman. Hollywood femmes fatales and fallen women characters were portrayed often in black halter-style dresses in contrast to the more conservative dresses of housewives or more wholesome Hollywood stars. Synthetic fibers made popular in the 1940s and 1950s broadened the availability and affordability of many designs.

The generation gap of the 1960s created a dichotomy in the design of the little black dress. The younger "mod" generation preferred, in general, a miniskirt on their versions of the dress and designers catering to the youth culture continued to push the envelope - shortening the skirt even more, creating cutouts or slits in the skirt or bodice of the dress, using sheer fabrics such as netting or tulle. Many other women in the 1960s aspired to simple black sheath dresses similar to that designed by Hubert de Givenchy and worn by actress Audrey Hepburn in the film Breakfast at Tiffany's.

The 1970s did see some little black dresses. Some were lacy and feminine, some, like Bill Blass' were simple and normal. Others were skimpier. However, colors rather than black were preferred for women's fashion, especially for the disco or jet set.

The popularity of casual fabrics, especially knits, for dress and business wear during the 1980s brought the little black dress back into vogue. Coupled with the fitness craze, the new designs incorporated details already popular at the time such as broad shoulders or peplums: later in the decade and into the 1990s, simpler designs in a variety of lengths and fullness were popular. The grunge culture of the 1990s saw the combination of the little black dress with both sandals and combat boots, though the dress itself remained simple in cut and fabric. The new glamour of the late 1990s and into the 21st century have led to new variations of the dress but, like the 1970s, color has re-emerged as a factor in fashion and formalwear again shows an aversion against black.

Famous little black dresses
Audrey Hepburn as Holly Golightly in Breakfast at Tiffany’s epitomized the Chanel ideal for wearing little black dresses, accessorized with pearls, as was frequently seen throughout the early 1960s. Betty Boop, a cartoon character based in part on the 1920s' "It Girl" Clara Bow, was drawn wearing a little black dress in her early films, though with Technicolor, Betty's dress became red.

Wallis Warfield Simpson, Duchess of Windsor, was known to own several little black dresses and said much in praise of the garments. One quote of the Duchess: “When a little black dress is right, there is nothing else to wear in its place.” Edith Piaf, the French folk icon, performed in a black sheath dress throughout her career: for this habit she was nicknamed “little black sparrow.” It was thought that the dress helped audiences focus more on Piaf's singing and less on her appearance.

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Farshi Pajama

Farshi Pajama is a dress that was worn in Muslim courts of Oudh between late 17th and early 20th century as well as by Muslim ladies from privileged classes of Uttar Pradesh (formerly United Provinces of Agra and Oudh in North India.) Modeled after the flowing ball gowns worn by British women, the complete outfit consists of three basic parts - The Kurta or a long shirt, the dupatta or the long stole which is an essential piece of cloth in traditional indian wear covering the head and bossom, and the third and most important, the farshi pajama, which is a flowing two legged skirt held by drawstrings. It falls straight to the ankles from where it starts flaring flowing copiously onto the floor. The farshi pajama, in this era is often called farshi gharara, a term not used before mid 20th century and is considered an incorrect twist. The confusion is said to be the Farshi Pajama's similarity with the Gharara.

A rough illustration of a farshi pajama. A woman wearing a farshi pajama while it is spread out, a woman wearing a farshi pajama holding it up while walking.(Img by me)
Farshi means anything that is associated with the 'farsh' or floor (for example farshi baithak which is associated with sitting on the floor). When combined with the word Pajama, the term evolves to mean a Pajama-like dress that falls generously on the floor, and trails as one walks, however in reality, during walking, the dress is correctly held in such a way, that the wearer or maid carefully folds the flaring trail and holds in in her left hand keeping the right one free, it hardly trails. Hence the large quantity (historically, 9-15 yards) of expensive cloth, embroidered using the art of goldwork (embroidery) and sterling silver wire threads (Karchob/Zari/Zardozi etc), used to make a farshi pajama mainly suggests grandeur and extravagance.

Different eras brought changes to the fashion and cuts of the dress. These variations were also dependent from one princely state's court to another.

Modified, smaller-length versions are still, but rarely, worn by women in weddings in India and Pakistan.

Movies such as Umrao Jaan (1981) and Shatranj Ke Khiladi (1977) that depict Muslim culture of 19th century Lucknow show noblewomen wearing farshi pajamas.

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Dress size

In clothing, dress size refers to a set of standard dimensions for dresses and other women's garments such as tops, skirts, and trousers.

Motivation
Every person has unique body measurements, unique habits of movement and unique ideas of clothing, e.g., placement and shape of the neckline, waistline and hemline. Therefore, every dress should (ideally) be designed and made for each wearer by a custom dressmaker, who fits the dress to the measurements of the wearer with an appropriate amount of ease. Dresses were made in this way until the end of the 19th century.

However, the Industrial Revolution introduced the mass production of clothing in standard sizes, known as ready-to-wear clothing. Standard sizes were also used earlier in designing uniforms, especially for the armed forces of various countries. These standard sizes are purportedly arrived at by statistical analysis of large numbers of people. Dress sizes are included in the European standard EN 13402.

In the US there are two standards: US standard clothing size and another produced by the American Society of Testing and Materials.

ISO 3635 describes Size designation of clothes - Definitions and body measurement procedure, used in the international market.

The classification of body measurements into standard sizes has been useful for industrializing the manufacture of clothing. However, the present system is not ideal, since a sizable fraction of women do not match one of the 20 common sizes. Moreover, many styles of dress are not made for all the standard sizes (cf. petite sizes). Unfortunately, more sizes and broader manufacture of styles seem unlikely, since they would likely diminish the economies of scale associated with mass production.

Types of measurements in standard sizes
These standard sizes describe combinations of body measurements that are commonly seen in the general population.

Horizontal torso measurements that can be specified include the neck circumference, the shoulder width, the over-bust circumference, the bust circumference, the bust-point separation, the under-bust (rib-cage) circumference, the natural waist circumference, the upper hip circumference and the lower hip circumference.
Vertical torso measurements that can be specified include the back (neck-waist) length, the shoulder-waist length (not the same as the back length, due to the slope of the shoulder), the bust-shoulder length, the bust-waist length, and the two hip-waist lengths.
Sleeve measurements that can be specified include the under-arm and over-arm lengths, the fore-arm length, the wrist circumference and the biceps circumference.
However, because of the drape and ease of the fabric, relatively few measurements are needed to obtain a well-fitting dress in most styles.

Nomenclature
The standard sizes have not had stable names, however. For example, the dimensions of two size 10 dresses from different companies, or even from the same company, may have grossly different dimensions; and both are almost certainly larger than the size 10 dimensions described in the US standard. Vanity sizing may be partly responsible for this deviation (which began in earnest in the 1980s).

The new European standard EN 13402 seeks to address this problem, since it is an absolute scale and mandatory; there is no mandatory clothing size standard in the U.S.

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Dirndl

A dirndl is a type of traditional dress worn in southern Germany and Austria, based on the historical costume of Alpine peasants. Dresses that are loosely based on the dirndl are known as Landhausmode.

Description
The dirndl consists of a bodice, blouse, full skirt and apron. While appearing to be simple and plain, a properly-made, modern dirndl may be quite expensive. In the South German dialects (bairisch), 'dirndl' originally referred to a young woman or a girl, and 'dirndlkleid' to the dress. Nowadays, 'dirndl' may equally refer to either a young woman, or to the dress.

The winter style dirndl has heavy, warm skirts and aprons made of thick cotton, linen, velvet or wool, and long sleeves. The colors are usually rich and dark. The summer style is lighter and more frivolous, has short sleeves, and is often made of lightweight cotton, silk or satin.

Accessories may include a long apron tied round the waist, a waistcoat or a wool shawl. For colder weather there are heavy dirndl coats in the same cut as the dresses, with a high neck and front buttons, thick mittens and wool hats. Shoes are only worn in cold weather.

The placement of the knot on the apron is sometimes an indicator of the woman's marital status. When this is so, a knot tied on the woman's left side indicates she is single, a knot tied on the right means she is married, engaged or otherwise "taken", and a knot tied in back means the woman is widowed.

History
The dirndl originated as a simplified form of folk costume; the uniform of Austrian servants in the 19th century (dirndlegewand means "maid's dress"). Simple forms were also worn commonly by working women in plain colours or a simple check. Originally, each village had its own style and crest. The Austrian upper classes adopted the dirndl as high fashion in the 1870s. Today, dirndls vary from simple styles to exquisitely crafted, very expensive models.

Contemporary uses
The dirndl is mostly worn in Bavaria and Austria. Although not an everyday dress, many women may wear it at formal occasions (much like a Scotsman wearing a kilt) and during certain traditional events. It is hugely popular also among young women at the time of the Oktoberfest in Munich (and similar festivals in southern Germany and Austria), although many young women will only wear dirndl-style dresses (called Landhausmode), which may deviate in numerous ways and are often much cheaper.

In Bavaria, the dirndl may often be seen on women working in tourism-related businesses, and sometimes waitresses in traditional-style restaurants or biergartens. It is also seen in these regions by women in the folk music business.

Popular designs are often much brightly colored, with more ornamentation and decorative trim, and much more revealing and provocative (e.g. having a short skirt and/or displaying significant cleavage). A true dirndl at the Oktoberfest is usually a good way of distinguishing between a native Bavarian, and non-native visitors or residents in Bavaria. The true dirndl will be softer in color (as traditional vegetable dyes were not able to make bright colors), less revealing, and less gaudy in style. (See photo below: "Women wearing dirndls".)

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Thermosiphon

Thermosiphon (alt. thermosyphon) refers to a method of passive heat exchange based on natural convection which circulates liquid in a vertical closed-loop circuit without requiring a conventional pump. Its intended purpose is to simplify the pumping of liquid and/or heat transfer, by avoiding the cost and complexity of a conventional liquid pump.
Simple thermosiphon
Convective movement of the liquid starts when liquid in the loop is heated, causing it to expand and become less dense, and thus more buoyant than the cooler water in the bottom of the loop. Convection moves heated liquid upwards in the system as it is simultaneously replaced by cooler liquid returning by gravity. In many cases the liquid flows easily because the thermosiphon is designed to have very little hydraulic resistance.
Phase-change (heat pipe) thermosiphon
Heat Pipe
A heat pipe contains a phase change fluid, which transfers heat by evaporation and condensation. A heat pipe does not use a siphon nor does it rely on convection. This makes a heat pipe distinct from a thermosiphon. The term "phase change thermosiphon" is a misnomer and should be avoided. When phase change occurs in a thermosiphon, it means that the system either does not have enough fluid, or it is not big enough to transfer all of the heat that is being applied to it using convection alone. To improve the performance in such a situation, either more fluid should be added (possibly in a larger thermosiphon), or all other fluids (including air) should be pumped out of the loop, in order to create a true heat pipe. In the case of the heat pipe, less fluid is needed.
"heat pipe thermosiphon"
(Note: This term should be used with care, since the terms "thermosiphon" and "heat pipe" refer to very different .)
In cases when the thermosiphon fluid incurs excessive resistance to flow, or excessive heat is applied, the liquid may be heated beyond its boiling point (assuming it is a liquid that boils), thus causing a phase change as the liquid evaporates to a gas (vapor) (such as steam). Since the gas is much less dense than the hot liquid, and thus much more buoyant, the convective pressure is increased considerably. This is may be referred to as a "heat pipe thermosiphon". In addition to thermosiphon convection, heat transfer is somewhat increased by the phase change of a fluid inside a closed system. It operates on the principles of buoyancy to move the fluid through the system.
In some situations the flow of liquid may be reduced further, or stopped, perhaps because the loop is not entirely full of liquid. In this case, then the system no longer operates on convection principles, so it is no longer a simple "thermosiphon". Heat can still be transferred in this system by the evaporation and condensation of vapor; however, the system is properly classified as a heat pipe. If the system also contains other fluids, such as air, then the heat flux density will be less than in a real heat pipe, which only contains a single fluid.
A thermosiphon reboiler is also called a calandria.
A thermosiphon is not a heat pipe
The thermosiphon has been sometimes incorrectly described as a 'gravity return heat pipe' [1]. A wick is usually a necessary feature of a heat pipe to allow the return of condensate to the evaporator via capillary action, whereas this function is not needed in a thermosiphon as gravity allows the movement of the liquids [2]. The wick allows heat pipes to transfer heat in the absence of gravity, which is useful for space applications. A thermosiphon is, in a sense, "simpler" than a heat pipe [3]. (Single-phase) thermosiphons can only transfer heat "upward", or away from the acceleration vector. Thus, orientation is much more important for thermosiphons than for heatpipes.
Solar energy
Thermosiphons are used in some liquid-based solar heating systems to heat a liquid such as water. The water is heated passively by solar energy and relies on heat energy being transferred from the sun to a solar collector. The heat from the collector can be transferred to water in two ways: directly where water circulates through the collector, or indirectly where an anti-freeze solution carries the heat from the collector and transfers it to water in the tank via a heat exchanger. Convection allows for the movement of the heated liquid out of the solar collector to be replaced by colder liquid which is in turn heated. Due to this principle, it is necessary for the water to be stored in a tank above the collector.
Computing
Thermosiphons are used in computing to describe a system for watercooling the internal computer components, most commonly referring to the processor. While any suitable liquid can be used, water is the easiest liquid to use in thermosiphon systems. Unlike traditional watercooling systems, thermosiphon systems do not rely on a water pump (or a pump for other liquids) but rely on convection for the movement of heated water (which may become vapour) from the components upwards to a heat exchanger. There the water is cooled and is ready to be recirculated. The most commonly used heat exchanger is a radiator where air is blown actively through a fan system to condense the vapour to a liquid. The liquid is recirculated through the system, thus repeating the process. No pump is required - the vaporization and condensation cycle is self sustaining.
Uses
Modern processors get relatively hot. Even with a common heat sink and fan cooling the processor, operating temperatures may still reach up to 70 °C (160 °F). A thermosiphon can handle heat output at a much wider temperature range than any heat sink and fan, and can maintain the processor 10–20 °C cooler. In some cases a thermosiphon may also be less bulky than a normal heat sink and fan.
Drawbacks
Thermosiphons must be mounted such that vapor rises up and liquid flows down to the boiler with no bends in the tubing for liquid to pool. Also, the thermosiphon’s fan that cools the gas needs cool air to operate.
Ground cooling
Heat pipes are used at locations in higher latitudes like northern Alaska and Canada to prevent ice-rich permafrost from melting below buildings and other infrastructure such as schools, air hangars, community water tanks, and even some stretches of highway. Heat pipes are also a common feature along the length of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System. In these applications the solution in the pipes is often carbon dioxide or ammonia. At the bottom of the heat pipe, heat from the ground warms the liquid and converts it to a vapor. Cooling from the heat sink fins above ground releases this heat to the atmosphere and causes the vapor to condense on the outer pipe wall, which then drains back into the liquid pool at the bottom of the heat pump.

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Ballet tutu

A ballet tutu is a skirt worn as a costume in a ballet performance, often with attached bodice. It might be single layer, hanging down, or multiple layers starched and strutting out. It tends to add a floating motion when ballerinas dance in them.

Tutus are often wrap around skirts, fastened in the waist by ribbons sewn in its waist. They may also be attached to leotards, usually long armed. While romantic tutus and skirts are usually carried in regular clothes bags, the classical 'pancake' tutu requires a special round bag for protection and transport: folding it would indeed ruin its shape and looks. Practice tutus (two/three layers of fabric) are seldom protected in a bag.

There are several types of ballet tutu:

Romantic Tutu: three quarter length bell shaped skirt made of tulle with a fitted bodice and sometimes sleeves. The hemline falls between the knee and the ankle. The romantic tutu is free flowing to emphasise lightness and ethereal quality of the romantic ballets such as Giselle or Les Sylphides. It is said to have been invented, or at least popularized, by Marie Taglioni.
Classical Tutu (bell): A short, stiff skirt made with layers of netting with a slight bell shape and fitted bodice. It extends outwards from the hips and does not use a wired hoop. It is usually longer than a classical (pancake) tutu. These are used in the famous ballet paintings by Degas.
Classical Tutu (pancake): A short, stiff skirt made with layers of netting that extends outwards (from the hips), and has a fitted bodice. The pancake style has more layers of net and uses a wire hoop and much hand tacking to keep the layers flat and stiff.
Balanchine/Karinska Tutu: also known as the "powder puff" is similar to the bell and pancake tutu with the exception that no hoops are used and there are fewer layers of netting. The skirt is loosely tacked to give a softer, fuller appearance. This style was designed originally for the ballet version of Georges Bizet's Symphony in C. It has gained an iconic reputation.

Etymology
The word tutu may be a corruption of cucu, French baby talk for cul-cul meaning roughly "botty-wotty" (for bottom)[citation needed]. Alternatively, it may derive from tulle, the material from which tutus are often made.

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Aboyne dress

The Aboyne dress is the name given to the prescribed attire for females in the Scottish national dances, such as the Flora MacDonald the Highland lilt, and others. There are actually two versions of the Aboyne dress in use.
Aboyne dress from Scotland and Ireland, based on the historical costume of Gaelic peasants. Aboyne dress consists of a dark bodice or waistcoat, decorative blouse, full tartan skirt and apron. Some have a tartan sash rather than an apron. While appearing to be simple and plain, a properly-made, modern Aboyne dress might be quite expensive.

The name derives from the Aboyne Highland Gathering in Scotland where, years back, the dance committee, dissatisfied with the state of affairs of female Highland dance attire, prescribed new rules governing acceptable and better-looking attire for the female dancers. The problem, as they saw it, was that many felt that the female and male dancers should not be wearing the same outfits and that a separate style for females should be developed. The men would continue to dance in kilt and jacket, wearing bonnets and sporrans.

The original decision of the Aboyne committee applied to both the Highland dances and the National dances. This was modified by the Scottish Official Board of Highland Dancing (SOBHD) a few years later so that the Aboyne dress would be used by females for just the national dances with a different, kilt-based outfit (though with no bonnet or sporran for females) for the Highland dances. To this day, however, the wearing of the kilt by females is strictly forbidden at the Aboyne Gathering.

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Wrestling singlet

A wrestling singlet (or simply singlet) is a one-piece, tight-fitting, colored uniform, usually made of spandex, lycra, or nylon, used in amateur wrestling. The uniform is tight fitting so as not to get grasped accidentally by one's opponent, and allows the referee to see each wrestler's body clearly when awarding points or a pin. Unlike judo, it is illegal to grasp an opponent's clothing in all styles of amateur wrestling.

Look of a singlet
In most high school and college wrestling matches, the competitors wear singlets in their team colors. To designate a competitor's color for scoring purposes a red or green anklet is also worn.

Outside school competition (e.g., in international wrestling: freestyle and Greco-Roman) wrestlers bring a red and a blue singlet (or reversible singlet) and are told before the match which color to wear.

Singlets are also common among professional wrestlers. Many of these are much more stylized than those worn by amateurs, although the use of singlets in professional wrestling has declined in the last two decades.

Other clothing
A new style of singlet, known as a double, has recently emerged in college wrestling that covers more of the upper body. Made of the same lycra material, this singlet has more of a t-shirt covering than the traditional thin-strap singlet more commonly worn. This type of singlet is usually worn with accompanying tight-fitting shorts. This style of singlet is currently only allowed on the college level, although there is report that some high school wrestlers use this singlet style in practice sessions.

Only with special permission are wrestlers allowed to wear a t-shirt under their singlet, most commonly for sanitary reasons involving excessive acne on the chest or back.

The wrestler here is wearing a high cut, white singlet.

Singlet cuts
There are three different traditional "cuts" to wrestling singlets: the high cut, the fila cut, and the low cut. The high cut covers most of the chest and reaches up to the under-arms on the side. The fila cut is like the high cut but does not rise up as high beneath the arms. The low cut singlet is a revealing singlet, that allows greater range of mobility, keeps its wearer cooler, tends to be more comfortable when not on the mat (wrestlers tend to wear their singlets under their clothes nearly all day in some circumstances). The low cut reaches down to the middle abdomen in the front, reaches down to the hips on the sides, and features a single strap that runs up the back that is very thin.

Wearing
Underneath the singlet, wrestlers traditionally wore a jockstrap (athletic supporter), although wrestling briefs, compression shorts or nothing at all has become more popular in recent years. Some wrestlers wear an athletic supporter with a protective cup, regular briefs, boxers or tights. A protective cup will protect the wrestler from an elbow, knee, jab, etc... to the groin, but isn't considered common. Brad Garrett's character in The Pacifier can be seen wearing a cup for wrestling.

For practice or between matches, sanitary shorts are worn over the singlet. This seems to function mostly as a modesty covering for the wrestler.

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Union suit

A union suit is a type of one-piece long underwear. Created in Utica, New York, United States, it originated as women's wear during the nineteenth-century United States clothing reform efforts, as an alternative to constricting garments, and soon gained popularity among men as well. The first union suit was patented in 1868 as "emancipation union under flannel." Traditionally made of red flannel with long arms and long legs, it buttoned up the front and had a button-up flap in the rear covering the buttocks (colloquially known as the "access hatch", "drop seat", "fireman's flap", and other names), allowing the wearer to eliminate bodily waste without removing the garment. Depending on the size, some union suits can have a dozen buttons on the front to be fastened through buttonholes from the neck down to the groin area.

This warm and practical garment remained in common use in North America into the twentieth century. As its popularity waned it became chiefly working men's wear. It was not uncommon until the mid-1900s for rural men to wear the same union suit continuously all week, or even all winter. Normally, no other type of underwear was worn with it. One of the major events of the spring was the time when the union suits were removed, washed, and put away for the summer.

Union suits are still commercially available, but because of their association with "old fashioned" usage, and presumedly "unsophisticated" rural wearers, they are considered comical. The rear flap is also associated with humor, and in film and television the appearance of a union suit, viewed from behind, is a form of mild toilet humor.

Today, some people — both men and women — favor two-piece long underwear, also known as "long johns".

The Union Suit makes an appearance in Louisa May Alcott's book 'Eight Cousins', as a preferred alternative to corsetry under the name 'Liberty Suit'. The Union Suit also makes a presence in the 2003 film Cold Mountain. In the American band Panic at the Disco's 2008 music video for "Nine in the Afternoon", a parade scene features the band members in union suits.

NOTE:

micron filter bags

mini toaster oven

Magnetic Floating Globe

110CC Go Kart

butadiene acrylonitrile rubber

Kitchen Sink Strainers

Double-Sided Foam Tape

Polyester High Tenacity

Ceramic Cabinet Knob

Belt Leather Studded

electric heated gloves

Kitchen Sink Strainer

14k gold clasp

copper extrusion press

mens cashmere coat

anti slip plywood

High Voltage Switchgear

Liquid Shoe Polish

indoor decorative fountains

Maillot

The maillot is the fashion designer's name for a woman's one-piece swimsuit. A maillot swimsuit generally consists of a tank-style torso top with high-cut legs. However, a maillot may also include a plunging neckline, turtleneck-style top, or revealing cutouts.

In addition to describing women’s one-piece swimsuits, the word maillot has also been used to refer to tights or leotards made of stretchable, jersey fabric, generally used for dance or gymnastics. The term maillot was first used to describe tight-fitting, one-piece swimsuits in the 1920s, as these swimsuits had been manufactured from a similar stretchable, jersey fabric. Because the maillot is fairly slimming in its coverage and often more modest than the bikini, it is a favored swimsuit choice of older women.[citation needed]

Modern usage
In the present day, the phrase one-piece swimsuit has almost completely replaced the term maillot in colloquial language. While the word has now become somewhat obsolete in common language, fashion designers and consumers used it quite often in the early days of the modern swimsuit. It is now most often used to distinguish between several different types of one-piece swimsuits, including the tank maillot and the pretzel maillot.

Etymology
The term maillot was inducted into the English dictionary in 1928; it derived from the French phrase for swaddling clothes. In the French language, the word maillot means "shirt" and is presently used to distinguish leaders in the Tour de France (see maillot jaune and maillot vert). The modern French term for a swimsuit, maillot de bain, also makes use of the word.

NOTE:

antique coffee grinder

Solar Camping Lantern

PVC Wicker Furniture

4-stroke pocket bike

Heat Shrink Sleeve

Silent Diesel Generator

micro pinhole camera

Pill Timer Box

fleece horse blankets

insulated composite panel

electric fondue set

Diaper Disposable Bags

american ginseng tea

capsule vending machine

authentic gucci wallets

automatic envelope sealer

laser engraved crystal

Kerosene Lamp Oil

rat glue trap

long handle dustpan

clarion marine speakers

Silk Taffeta Fabric

Corrugated Plastic Pipe

universal catalytic converter

outer cv joint

rattan dining set

Motorcycle safety clothing

To improve motorcycle safety many countries mandate the wearing of protective clothing by motorcyclists, especially a helmet. Other protective gear may include certain types of jackets, gloves, boots, and pants. Jackets meant for motorcyclists are typically made of nylon, leather, or Kevlar. These jackets typically include heavy padding on the elbow, spine, and shoulder regions. Gloves are generally made of leather or Kevlar and some include carbon fiber knuckle protection. Boots, especially those for sport riding, include reinforcement and plastic caps on the ankle and toe areas. A well-protected motorcyclist will wear boots with heels that fit on motorcycle foot rests (pegs) and provide good ankle support. Pants are usually leather, nylon, or Kevlar. Except for helmets, none of these items are required by law in any state in the U.S. but are recommended by many of those who ride.
"Off road" riders wear a range of plastic armour to protect against injury from falling off, hitting other riders and bikes, debris kicked up from the rear wheel of leading bikes, and from running into track barriers protecting the public. This armour protects the extremities from breakage and dislocation and the back and chest from strain and broken bones. Although fairly efficient, it is of course not always completely effective. Many riders wear "roost protectors" designed specifically to protect against painful debris from other bikes, but are of no use in a fall or collision.
//
Leathers
"Leathers" are 1-piece suits, or 2-piece jackets and trousers worn by motorcyclists mainly for protection in a crash. The leather used is not fashion leather but protective leather which is stronger, moderately flexible and much tougher. Both leathers and joins (seams and zips) should be officially tested for ergonomics and impact abrasion, cut, tear and burst resistance. They do not have to be too heavy and there is no such thing as competition leather - just safe and unsafe leather and joins. The most common leather used for motorcycle wear is from cattle such as beef. An inexpensive 1.1–1.2 mm South American beef leather is both attractive and flexible and was considered entirely adequate in the 1990s for good road and racing suits.
Kangaroo leather is becoming popular for its suppleness, light weight and strength compared with cowhide.[citation needed] The one-piece racing leather suit, usually referred to as 'racing leathers' was first used by legendary, ex-world champion motorcycle racer Geoff Duke. His suits, like the majority of those used in the 1950s, were made from horse hide.
Originally, motorcycle leathers were adapted from tank corps gear immediately following World War I. Duster coats, which tended to catch in the wheels, were switched for short coats. Wide-pegged breeches were worn by some motorcycle police and by dispatch riders in World War II, but were largely abandoned in the post-war years because of their association with certain Nazi uniforms.

Shoulder panel of motorcycling racing suit after a ca. 150 km/h (ca. 100 mp/h) crash. The rider escaped unharmed.
Currently there are two major styles of motorcycle leathers: the tight fitting and sometimes colorful one or two piece suits based on motorcycle racing leathers; and the somewhat looser fitting leather trousers and jackets, usually black and often decorated with metal studs and tassels. The latter style, the jackets in particular, are also worn by people who are fond of the style but do not ride motorcycles. The classic American Perfecto motorcycle jacket with epaulets and diagonal zipper, made famous by Marlon Brando in The Wild One, (1954) was invented in 1928 by Irving Schott, of Schott NYC in New York City. Leather chaps, adapted from cowboy gear, were used by American bikers starting in the early 1960s.
Many modern leathers have armour on the inside at major impact regions such as shoulders, elbows, hips, knees and back. The energy absorbers and load spreaders range from high density foam to foam backed hard polymers and carbon fibre. It is designed to spread the impact load and shear strains to prevent and reduce harm levels of injury and disablement. In Europe, by law, it has to have a CE mark. However, the present European performance level is considered by some to be very low. They argue that a much higher standard is required, because there are many superior materials and combinations available. There are also motorcycle jackets that use an airbag system, which deploys in the event of an accident, inflating to protect the riders neck, torso, and lower back.
Typically, an accident at a race track will result in the racers sliding, rolling and tumbling for comparatively long distances and long times compared to an accident on the public road. This is because of the large safety run-off areas found on most race tracks; hence racers have a much lower probability of hitting hard vertical solid objects during a crash. Some racing leathers have additional protection properties to increase sliding and decrease bouncing and rotation. Racers mostly hit horizontal surfaces experiencing large high speed shear strains which may cause ligament tears. To decrease or prevent such injuries, most modern racing suits have an area that helps sliding at the knees, shoulders and elbows – often made of titanium or high-density plastic, so the rider slides more along the track environment and so decreases the bouncing and rotation through the air, which may cause worse injuries from angular accelerations and rotational forces.
Textile clothing

Armored textile jackets: cordura left and fully ventilated right
Increasingly, motorcyclists are choosing protective equipment constructed of man-made textiles rather than leather due to their improved weather protection, from heat, cold and water, and the increased utility these garments tend to provide in terms of pockets and vents. Common materials include high density (600–1000 Denier) ballistic nylon (e.g., Cordura) and Kevlar (or blends of Kevlar, Cordura, and Lycra) and often include waterproof liners made from materials such as Goretex. These artificial fabrics are said by some motorcyclists to be more comfortable, particularly in warm weather. The textile garments typically take less time to dry out, whereas leather gear may remain wet (and cold) for some time. However, some textile fabrics offer less abrasion protection than leather gear.
Proper fit
Whatever materials one chooses for one's motorcycle gear, it is important to get the correct fit when purchasing it. Incorrectly fitted garments may result in excessive injury if armour shifts out of position during a riding mishap. Flapping due to loose-fit also creates unnecessary wear and tear, wind drag, noise, and can distract the rider. In the event of a fall, loose garments may grab the road surface, resulting in a tumble rather than a slide. Two piece suits often come with zips to join the jacket and trousers/jeans together, thus improving safety in the event of a crash.
Boots

Detail of racing boot's shin with shin armour and anti torque system
Boots are worn by motorcycle riders and passengers to prevent or reduce harm to their feet and ankles while riding and in the event of a crash. Tough, strong, moderately flexible boots with stiff soles provide the rider protection from a number of risks. Boots with oil-resistant, rubber-based composite soles give a grip on the pavement and help keep the rider's feet on the pegs. If the boots have heels, they should be low and wide to provide a stable base when standing with the bike. In a crash, boots may prevent or reduce foot and ankle injuries. As with jackets and trousers, boots should be designed specifically for motorcycling, using materials and seam construction that are impact, abrasion, cut, tear and burst resistant. Strong, tough, and flexible leather or synthetic fabrics have suitable properties. Boots should also have energy absorbers and load spreaders on the shin, inside and outside of each ankle. A stiff sole working laterally helps prevent or decrease crash injuries caused by crushing and shear strain.
Helmet
A motorcycle helmet is protective headgear used by motorcycle riders. The primary goal of a motorcycle helmet is to protect the rider's head during impact, although many helmets provide additional protection such as a face shield. In some countries the wearing of motorcycle helmets is mandatory.
Helmets are made in 2 main layers: hard and energy-absorbing. The hard shell spreads an impact over a larger area, while the liner (often polystyrene foam) absorbs energy so less is transferred to the skull & brain.
There are 2 main styles: open-face and full-face. An open-face helmet will protect everything but the face. Full-face helmets protect the skull, plus providing protection for the lower jaw as well as the face itself. Full-face helmets offer much more protection than open-face helmets.
Several manufacturers have introduced full-face helmets with a flip-up front, combining the protection of a full-face with the ease of communication and donning / doffing that an open-face gives.
Studies have consistently shown that wearing a helmet:[citation needed]
Reduces injury & increases a rider's chance of surviving a crash
Does not impair vision or hearing
Does not contribute to neck injuries
As with other protective gear, a light colored helmet improves the user's visibility.
Gloves

Motorcycling racing glove
Motorcycling gloves are typically gloves made of leather. They may have gauntlets to protect the rider's wrists from injury, and help reduce drafts while riding in colder climates. Motorcycling gloves typically have reinforced palms intended to protect the rider from abrasion injuries in case of an accident.
Optional features include additional protection or weatherproofing. For touring gloves, such additional features may include advanced insulating materials and waterproof/breathable fabric, although touring gloves may still lack advanced armouring features used in motorcycle racing gloves.
Gloves intended for motorcycle racing typically incorporate precurved finger sections and the best available protection, obtained through additional armour incorporated within the glove. Although maximum tacility is an obvious starting point for racing gloves, additional protection should not be discarded. Additional protection may involve titanium or carbon panels for knuckles and the joints of the fingers. Furthermore, racing gloves may and often do incorporate additional wrist and other protection panels to protect the heel of the hand, back of the hand and other easily injured parts of the hand.
NOTE:

magnetic card programmer

Mini Dragonfly Helicopter

retractable telephone cord

jacquard beach towel

Mini Ultrasonic Cleaner

cotton wool absorbent

Motorcycle Protective Jackets

Nappa Leather Jacket

Satin Boxer Shorts

Dupioni Silk Pillows

corduroy shoulder bag

expandable braided sleeving

hcg rapid test

Ceramic Multilayer Capacitor

reusable cable ties

radial trailer tire

Artificial Coconut Tree

Metric Drill Bit

Lord Anthony

Lord Anthony was a brand of clothing particularly popular in the UK during the 1970s and 1980s. It became so popular that people would often refer to "a Lord Anthony" rather than a Snorkel Parka. It became a school playground legend and even the subject of a song by Belle & Sebastian.

Outerwear

The nylon snorkel parka with blue outer and orange lining became almost standard school wear in the late 1970s to mid 1980s.
Lord Anthony were manufacturers of outerwear in general. It was not a premium or fashion brand, but was at the top end of the utility section generally producing reasonably well-made and durable garments. Whilst they did use some other materials, their garments tended to be made from nylon fabric and use cheap but warm polyester padding.

Snorkel Parka
They became well known during the 1980s for their branded Snorkel Parka, which was the winter coat of choice for most schoolboys. Whereas other manufacturers (such as C&A, Brutus, Wakefields, and Keynote) were producing good quality snorkel parkas, the Lord Anthony version was generally regarded as the best.

Now that snorkel parkas have come back into fashion, the original "old school" version have become highly sought after and command high prices in retro shops and on Ebay. Lord Anthony parkas always get the highest price and even well worn, dirty, and torn versions still get a good price.

Changing branding
It is possible to tell the age of a Lord Anthony jacket from the branding labels attached to it.

Earlier versions did not actually mention the Lord Anthony name and instead just contained the "stick man wearing a crown" logo on the inside label.

Mid period jackets then gained the Lord Anthony name on the inside label and a Lord Anthony tag sewn onto the top of the sleeve pen pocket.

Late period jackets acquired a much more elaborate label with an embroidered design and the "Polar Gear" identity. These jackets lost the "stick man with a crown" Lord Anthony logo on the label; however, they usually retained the Lord Anthony tag on the sleeve pocket.

The older the jacket labelling, the higher the price it commands on the second hand market.

NOTE:

Subway Golf Umbrella

LED Rechargeable Torch

battery garden sprayer

aluminum cue case

Bamboo Garden Bench

Y D Fabric

Diagonal Cutting Plier

Asphalt Milling Machine

caustic soda flakes

fiberglass cloth tape

Canvas Inkjet Paper

resin folding chair

bellows expansion joint

Welded Wire Cloth

oval exhaust pipe

Rhodiola Rosea Extract

fishing rod telescopic

Caustic Soda Flake

vertical blind slats

bronze eagle sculpture

Wine Opener Corkscrew

bar code lables

High Visibility Garment

freezer gel pack

ferro manganese silicon

Letterman

A letterman, in U.S. sports, performing arts or academics, is a high school or college student who has met a specified level of participation and/or performance on a varsity athletic team, marching band, or in other performance school-sponsored activities.

Overview
The term comes from the practice of awarding each such participant a cloth "letter", which is usually the school's initial or initials, for placement on a "letter sweater" or "letter jacket" intended for the display of such an award. In some instances, the sweater or jacket itself may also be awarded, especially for the initial award to a given individual.

Traditionally the athletic letter is associated with elite athletes, though in the last few decades there has been movement to make the letter award more accessible to all students by removing performance requirements.

In the case of a marching band, drumline, or colorguard member, usually a letterman is awarded to an upperclassmen or section leader.

Today, in order to distinguish "lettermen" from other team participants, schools often establish a minimum level of participation in a team's events and/or a minimum level of performance in order for a letter to be awarded.

A common threshold in American football and basketball is participation in a set level, often half, of all quarters in a season.

In individual sports such as tennis and golf, the threshold for lettering is generally participation in one half or sometimes two-thirds of all matches contested. Frequently, other members of the team who fail to meet requirements for a letter are awarded a certificate of participation or other award considered to be of lesser value than a letter.

Some schools continue to base the awarding of letters according to performance, in team sports requiring a certain number of scores, steals, baskets or tackles, according to position and sport. In individual sports letters are often determined according to qualification for state meets or tournaments.

In the performing arts letters are awarded according to performance. Students who are selected for state choir or receive high scores at major instrumental competition may receive letters, or musicians who achieve first or second seat in their instrumental section.

Students participating in academic clubs can also be given this award if the requirements are met, what academic clubs this award can be received from are at the discretion of the school. In some schools general "academic letters" are awarded on the basis of GPA, usually students with a GPA at or above 3.8.

This term is not gender-specific; a qualifying participant in women's basketball or other women's sports is properly referred to as a letterman, as would be a qualifying female participant on a co-educational sports team.

Letterman jacket

Man wearing a letterman jacket
A letterman jacket is a jacket traditionally worn by high school and college students in the United States to represent school and team pride as well as to display personal awards earned in athletics, academics or activities. Letterman jackets are also known as "Varsity Jackets" in some places.

Appearance and style
The body (i.e., torso) is usually of boiled wool and the sleeves of leather with banded wrists and waistband. Letter jackets are usually produced in the school colors with the body of the jacket in the school's primary color and sleeves in the secondary color. They usually feature a banded collar for men or a hood for women.

Decorations
The letter jacket derives its name from the varsity letter chenille patch on its left breast, which is almost always the first letter or initials of the high school or college the jacket came from.

The name of the owner usually appears either in chenille (matching the letter) or is embroidered on the jacket itself. The owner's graduation year usually appears in matching chenille, Placement of the name and year of graduation depends on school tradition. The year is most often sewn on the right sleeve or just above the right pocket.

Lettermen who play on a championship team often receive a large patch commemorating their championship that is worn on the back of the jacket.

Lettermen who participate in a sport in which medals are award often sew the medals onto their jackets to display their accomplishments.

History of letterman jackets
Letter sweaters were a predecessor to letter jackets. The letter was usually quite large and centered (if the sweater was a pullover); stripes on one sleeve designated the number of letters won, with a star indicating a team captain.

Traditions
Letterman jackets are almost never purchased before a student has earned a letter. In schools where only varsity letters are awarded this is usually in a students' junior or senior year. In schools where junior varsity letters are awarded, the jacket may also be purchased by junior varsity letter recipients, though the letter is placed just above the left pocket, leaving space for a (hopefully) future varsity letter.

Some schools may award letterman jackets to letter winners at the award ceremony, but more often the school only provides the letter.

In America and Canada a male athlete might give his girlfriend the letter as a token of his love.[citation needed] This is considered a sign of a truly intimate relationship as the Jacket is an honor.[citation needed] In the event of a breakup it is customary for the girl to return the jacket as a sign of rejection.

While it is commonly done, removing one's letter from the letterman jacket upon graduation is not firmly held in the protocol. Many graduates keep the letter on the jacket after graduation as a symbol of accomplishment.

NOTE:

Non Stick Griddle

automatic screw feeder

bape clear shoes

chondroitin sulfate sodium

biometric door locks

ceramic knife sharpener

gast vacuum pumps

Porcelain Water Dispenser

burberry silk scarves

asphalt batching plant

nylon cargo pants

Stainless Steel Teapot

Metallic Gel Pen

Electric Caulking Gun

Parker Solenoid Valve

cnc wood routers

digital garment printer

rotating hair brush

airbrush tattoo paint

cashmere silk blend

ozone generator spa

crepe paper rolls

Vane Hydraulic Motors

Kraft Paper Sack

Hand Painted Dinnerware

Spa Ozone Generator

2008年10月20日星期一

Winklepickers

Winklepickers (also known as Winkle Pickers) are a style of shoe or boot worn from the 1950s onward by male and female British rock and roll fans. The feature which gives both the boot and shoe their name is the very sharp and quite long pointed toe, reminiscent of medieval footwear and approximately the same as the long pointed toes on some women's fashion shoes and boots today. This pointed toe was called the winkle picker toe because, in England, winkles are eaten with a pin or pointed object to get the winkle out of the shell (hence the term "to winkle something out").
History
Origins
Winklepicker shoes were a conspicuous contrast to the Creepers worn by Teddy Boys. The male shoes were lace-up Oxford style with a low heel and an exaggerated pointed toe. A Chelsea Boot style (elastic-sided with a two-inch, and later as much as two and one half inch, Cuban heel was notably worn by the Beatles, but although it had a pointed toe, was not considered to be a Winklepicker. Winklepicker shoes from Stan's of Battersea were also worn by the Teddy Girls as well as being a fleeting fashion for young women generally.
1960s
In the early 1960s the winklepicker toe was popular with modernists, the forerunners of the mods. In the early 1960's the point was effectively chopped off (they hung on for longer than that in the UK) and gave rise to the "chisel toe" on the footwear of both genders. However, winklepickers with traditional sharp-point styles made a comeback of sorts in the late 1970s and early 1980s (either as previously unworn old-stock, second-hand originals, or contemporary-production attempted copies) when they were sold at London indoor markets like Kensington Market and Chelsea's Great Gear Market and worn by several subculture groups including Mods, Rockabillies, Punks, Rock'n'Roll Revivalists, and in the goth scene, where they are known as "pikes".
Winklepickers with stiletto heels for women swept the UK in the late fifties and at one stage the High Street versions were worn by virtually all the female English population who wore high heeled shoes. They were often manufactured in Italy, but the handmade versions, notably those from Stan's Shoes of Battersea were the most extreme, if somewhat bulky-looking at the toe compared with the Italian styles.
The original 1960s winkle picker stilettos were similar to the long pointed toe which has been fashionable on women's shoes and boots in Europe of late. The long sharp toe was always teamed with a stiletto heel (or spike heel) which, as today, could be as low as one and a half inches or as high as five inches, though most were in the three to four inch range. The stiletto heels on the original 1960s styles were, however, much more curved-in at the rear (also sometimes sharply-waisted and slightly flared out at the top piece) than most of the recent pointy-toed fashion shoes, which often have straighter, thicker, more set-back heels, rather at odds with the look of the pointed toe. In most cases, too, the modern shoe toes lack the length of the true 1960s winklepicker, and bear more resemblance to the less pointed mass-produced versions of the era.
They attained some notoriety, when they first appeared, as a result of being worn in gang fights (sometimes by both sexes) though it seems that contemporary newspaper reports of such clashes were, as ever, sensationalised flights of the imagination on the part of bored journalists with nothing better to write about. In fact, although the Winklepicker looks lethal, it would be far more likely for damage to be caused to the delicately pointed shoe than to the opponent in any serious kicking incident, and it would be highly unlikely that a fashion-conscious person of the 1960s would have subjected a prized pair of expensive Italian imports or custom-made Stan's originals to this sort of abuse.
There seems also to have been a practice, among increasingly liberated and forward young women, of using the pointed toes of their footwear to surprise and perhaps embarrass their male partners by prodding their private parts under tables in public places. Thus effectively turning the historical tables, as in the 14th and 15th century, long pointed male footwear called poulaines or Cracowes were allegedly used to do the same to females! A practice that was also allegedly revisited by some males wearing winklepickers.
Modern day
Winklepicker boots are very popular among the modern Vogue Goth and Punk sub-cultures. They are worn by many band members, such as the members of, The Horrors, Neils Children, Klaxons. They are also worn by English comedian Noel Fielding; English DJ and TV presenter Alex Zane; and Kaiser Chiefs' lead singer: Ricky Wilson.
Although slightly pointed toes are often a feature of women's fashion shoes, they are usually nowadays "tamed down" or shortened (often with a sacrifice of comfortable toe space) for a more common appeal. The really extended Winklepicker toe stiletto-heeled shoe for women has been reintroduced most recently by English shoe designers Roger and Sarah Adams for their Italian-made RoSa Shoes collection http://www.rosashoes.com which aims to satisfy a perceived continuing niche market rather than following seasonal fashion trends. The shoes have extremely thin medium or high steel-stemmed stiletto heels, authentically curved in at the rear, and winklepicker toes extending some three inches beyond the foot.
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Tanker boot

Tanker boots are military boots closely associated with soldiers who serve on tanks and tracked vehicles in general.[1] It is said the idea was borrowed from the French crewmen encountered during World War I when then-Captain George S. Patton, Jr. established the United States Tank Corps. Whereas regular combat boots are laced through metal eyelets in the leather upper, the tanker boots are fastened with leather straps which wrap around the upper and buckle near the top. This benefits the wearer in several ways:
The single biggest advantage is that tanker boots use leather straps, rather than laces, to fasten to the wearer's feet. The problem with laces is that they can become entangled in the many exposed, moving parts of a tank, for instance the turret ring, and drag the wearer or part of his body into the machinery.
Many boots have nylon or canvas panels in their uppers and also nylon laces which will melt if exposed to fire. Melting boots and laces will serve to further injure a crewman and make his evacuation of the vehicle more difficult.
Tracked crewmen typically find themselves working in very muddy environments. Another advantage of tanker boots is that they are much easier to loosen than a regular laced boot when caked in mud.
Also, today's modern tankers are exposed to many harmful chemicals - Flame-Resistant Hydraulic Fluid (FRH), turboshaft transmission fluid, grease, oils and various fuels. The all-leather construction of tanker boots prevents absorption of these chemicals into the boots and coming into close and prolonged contact with the wearer's skin.
Tanker boots also allow for improved circulation to crewmember's feet, as they may be sitting or immobile for long periods of time. Tank crewman during the Gulf War reported remaining seated at their gunners', drivers', and commanders' stations for periods up to the entire 100 hours of ground combat.
Tanker boots, unlike most traditional combat boots, have the tongue sewn into the boot up to about 1 - 1.5 inches shy of the top of the boot, to make the boot more readily waterproofed (up to 14" of water depth can be stood in without ingress of water when sealed/waxed properly, depending on the height of the boot design); the tongue is made with excess leather left and right that doesn't require it to separate to remove the foot.
Tanker boots are normally equipped with steel toe guards, steel or plastic shank/heel guards, and in at least modern variants, steel or other protective metal inserts in portions of the sole as well, as befit a boot intended for an operating environment filled with metal hazards that can be accidentally kicked/dropped/stepped upon/et cetera (as opposed to the traditional combat boot designed for a sandy or muddy battlefield environment).
Tanker boots have a significant disadvantage over traditional lace up combat boots in that they provide comparatively little ankle support; however for troops that fight sitting in an armoured vehicle, this is relatively unimportant.
An unauthorized variant of the tanker boot is the cav boot which is higher above the ankle (in imitation of riding boots worn by the old horse cavalry) and might be worn by soldiers assigned to divisional cavalry squadrons and scout units.
Lore
Tanker boots are said to have originated somewhat by accident. The story claims that there was once a tank crew member whose boot's laces were burnt by an ejected casing. Another member of the crew took off his belt and wrapped it around the damaged boot as a sort of temporary fix, making it the first tanker boot.
Another story mentions that when soldiers had to get out of the tank, their boots became wet with snow and after the fight they froze, causing the laces to break. One of the generals (General Patton, from the original story) gave the lowest ranking soldier the straps off of his cavalier pistol holster to strap his boots. From that point on, many soldiers started to use this. The story goes on to mention that it became a tanker tradition, that you had to shoot a gunnery to earn them. However, tankers uphold this tradition today by earning their tanker boots only after they "qualify" at gunnery, meaning their performance earns them the required amount of points.

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